Table 1 Characteristics of the included studies
From: Efficacy of preoperative testosterone therapy in hypospadias: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors | Publication year | Study design | Sample size | Population | Mean age | Intervention | Exclusion criteria | Follow-up | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Study group | Controls | ||||||||
Rynja et al. | 2017 | Retrospective study | 34 | 87 | Adult men operated for hypospadias in childhood | N/A | Topical cream 5% twice a day during two periods of 14 days (separated by 1 week). Intramuscular therapy: 25 m Sustanon per week for 2–3 weeks. | Incorrect contact details, patients referred for redo hypospadias repair | N/A |
Babu et al. | 2018 | Prospective study | 94 | 92 | Patients with distal hypospadias | 15.3 (1.0) months and 13.4 (1.1) months | Study group: three doses of intramuscular testosterone enanthate 2 mg/kg at the age of 9, 10, and 11 months. Controls did not receive any intervention. | N/A | Over 4 years |
Asgari et al. | 2015 | Randomized controlled trial | 91 | 91 | Children with primary distal and mid-shaft hypospadias who underwent surgical repair | 30 months | Study group: 2 mg/kg intramuscular testosterone enanthate once per month for 2 months pre-operatively. | Previous history of hypospadias repair and any proven endocrine disorder | 3 months |
Nerli et al. | 2008 | Prospective | 10 | 11 | Children with micro phallic hypospadias | N/A | Topical vs. parenteral testosterone prior to surgery. | Not stated | 1 year |
Kaya et al. | 2007 | Randomized controlled trial | 37 | 38 | Children with primary hypospadias | 33.4 ± 3.7 | Study group: application of 2.5% DHT transdermal gel directly onto the penile shaft and glans once daily before bedtime for 3 months. DHT gel: 0.2 to 0.3 mg/kg body weight. Controls did not receive treatment. | Children with endocrinological or clinical evidence of hypopituitarism and children with a history of hypospadias surgery | 1-year follow-up |