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Annals of Pediatric Surgery
Fig. 1 | Annals of Pediatric Surgery

Fig. 1

From: A novel evaluation technique for measuring the distance between the anastomosis and intersphincteric groove via three-dimensional endoanal ultrasonography in children with Hirschsprung disease

Fig. 1

A Schema of the coronal view. a Internal anal sphincter muscle (IAS). b External anal sphincter muscle (EAS). c Smooth muscle of the pull-through bowel. (d) The edge of the residual rectal muscular cuff. e Anorectal line. f The anastomosis. g The dentate line. h The intersphincteric groove. i Distance between the anastomosis and intersphincteric groove (DBAI). B Coronal view of 3D-EAUS (a) IAS and (c) smooth muscles are low echoic, and (b) EAS is high echoic. The distal edge of the (c) smooth muscle is the anastomosis (arrowhead) and the boundary between (a) IAS and (b) EAS is the intersphincteric groove (arrow). C Sagittal view of 3D-EAUS. The distal edge of the (c) smooth muscle is the anastomosis (arrowhead) and the boundary between (a) IAS and (b) EAS is the intersphincteric groove (arrow). D Axial view of 3D-EAUS between (d) and (f). Double low echoic circle are shown as a target sign because both (a) IAS and (c) smooth muscle are low echoic and (b) EAS is high echoic. E Axial view of 3D-EAUS between (f) and (h). Because there is no smooth muscle of the pull-through bowel, low echoic circle, (a) IAS, is single. F Axial view of 3D-EAUS below (h). Because there is no IAS, only high echoic circle, (b) EAS, is shown

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