Table 2 Risk stratification approach to PUV; Risk strata to be assessed and recorded at diagnosis and during follow-up
Criteria | Low risk | Intermediate risk | High risk |
|---|---|---|---|
Posterior urethral dilatation; urinary bladder changes 1 | Posterior urethral dilatation present; no bladder changes | Moderate to severe changes | Severe changes; persistent after therapy |
Hydronephrosis/hydroureteronephrosis | Mild (no calyceal dilatation) | Moderate (with calyceal dilatation) | Severe (with cortical thinning) |
Vesicoureteric reflux | Nil/mild (grade 1/2) | Grade 3 | Grade 4/5 |
Features of valve bladder syndrome | Absent | Absent | Present |
Renal function tests | Normal | Abnormal; normalizing with therapy | Persistently abnormal |
Renal parenchymal involvement2 | Absent | Unilateral, Mild (< 15%) functional deterioration | Bilateral/moderate to severe (> 15%) functional deterioration |
Systemic complications3 | Absent | Absent | Present |