Fig. 3

Comparison of the postoperative characteristics. a Comparison of the mean operative time. The mean operative time were 66.2±25.9 min (range 30-123 min) for group 1, 51.8±18.3 min (range 33-84 min) for group 2, 92.8±99.4 min (range 31-269 min) for group 3 and 54.8±27.9 min (range 27-147 min) for group 4, with a no statistically significant difference (p=0.061). b Comparison of the amount of intraoperative blood loss. The average value of group 1 was 32.6±66.1 g (range 2-255 g), group 2 was 8.33±10.1 g (range 2-25 g), group 3 was 41.6±88.5 g (range 2-200 g) and group 4 was 3.85±9.41 g (range 2-50 g). A significant difference was observed between groups 1 and 4 (*p<0.001). c Comparison of the postoperative complications. Group 4 had a significantly lower number of complications than groups 1 and 2 [group 4: 0% vs. group 1: 22.4% (*p=0.009), group 4: 0% vs. group 2: 16.7% (⁑p=0.034)]